Magazine
Tag:GS 1||Geography||Indian Physical Geography||Monsoons
Why in news?
- In June September ends with reservoirs holding 21% more water than the 10-year average for this stage, 33 of 113 reservoirs at full capacity, and all river systems with higher storage than normal.
About the report:
- The total live storage capacity of these 113 reservoirs is 168.77 billion cubic meters(BCM) and their live storage as of September 26 was 146.2 BCM or 87% of this capacity.
- In 33 reservoirs, water was at full reservoir level(FRL) on September 26. Levels ranged between 71% and 99% of FRL in 56 other reservoirs. Only in 10 reservoirs were levels at 40% or below.
Region-Wise Storage Status:
- Eastern region: The Eastern region includes the States of Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, and Tripura. There are 15 reservoirs under CWC monitoring having a total live storage capacity of 18.83 BCM. The total live storage available in these reservoirs is 5.04 BCM which is 27% of total live storage capacity of these reservoirs. The storage during the corresponding period of last year was 30% and the average storage of the last ten years during the corresponding period was 25% of the live storage capacity of these reservoirs. Thus, storage during the current year is less than the corresponding period of last year but is better than the average storage of the last ten years during the corresponding period.
- Western region: The Western region includes the States of Gujarat and Maharashtra. There are 27 reservoirs under CWC monitoring having a total live storage capacity of 31.26 BCM. The total live storage available in these reservoirs is 4.10 BCM which is 13% of total live storage capacity of these reservoirs. The storage during the corresponding period of last year was 18% and the average storage of the last ten years during the corresponding period was 22% of the live storage capacity of these reservoirs. Thus, storage during the current year is less than the storage of last year
- Northern region: The northern region includes the States of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and Rajasthan. There are six reservoirs under CWC monitoring having a total live storage capacity of 18.01 BCM. The total live storage available in these reservoirs is 8.54 BCM which is 47% of total live storage capacity of these reservoirs. The storage during the corresponding period of last year was 16% and the average storage of the last ten years during the corresponding period was 26% of the live storage capacity of these reservoirs. Thus, storage during the current year is better than the corresponding period of last year and is also better than the average storage of the last ten years during the corresponding period.
- Central region: In the central region (U.P, U.K, M.P, Chhatisgarh) states consist of 16 reservoirs and the present capacities of these reservoirs are 86% which is 7% more than last year.
- Southern region: In the southern region(Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamilnadu) where the CWC monitors 33 reservoirs, their stocks added up to 44.2% BCM, or 84% of their total live capacity, up from 74% at this stage last year, and much higher than the 10 year average of 66%.
- In Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Jharkhand, West Bengal, up, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Kerala, and Chhatisgarh, the water in reservoirs was lower than the stocks the same stage last year.
- In Rajasthan, Odisha, Nagaland, Gujarat, Maharashtra, MP, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu, this year’s storage exceeded last year’s, owning to good rain throughout the season.
National Monsoon Mission:
- Ministry of earth sciences has launched NMM in 2012 with a vision to develop a state of the art dynamical prediction system for monsoon rainfall on different time scales.
- For the first time, the India meteorological department used the monsoon mission dynamical model to prepare operational seasonal forecast of 2017 monsoon rainfall over India.
- Ministry has now launched the monsoon mission phase 2 program, for the next 3 years(2017-2020) with emphasis on predicting extremes.
- The responsibility of execution and coordination of this mission is vested to the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology(IITM), Pune.
- The climate forecast system(CFS) of the USA has been identified as the basic modeling system for the above purpose, as it is is one of the best among the currently available coupled models.
- For this national mission, IITM is collaborating with NCEP (USA), MoES organizations and various academic institutions/organizations under NMM.
Objectives of NMM:
- Improved prediction of monsoon and extended range of rainfall
- Improved prediction of temperature, rainfall, and extreme weather events, etc.
- To set up a state of the art dynamical modeling framework prediction skill of –
- The seasonal and extended range prediction system
- The short and medium-range prediction system
- To build a working partnership between the academic/research and development organizations and the operational agency to improve the monsoon forecast skill.
- To set up the infrastructure and manpower required to improve the prediction skill at all the time scales(long seasonal, extended, medium and short-range) over India reason.
Rainfall misery- on ongoing monsoon furry:
- The situation of Bihar: Bihar is struggling to stay afloat in the ongoing monsoon.
- Same has also happened in Eastern UP(heavy rainfall)
- Monsoon -changing pattern: this year, monsoon prediction has been failed. The extreme rainfall, increased the frequency in rainfall was noticed and it was because of change in climate
- Urbanization at the centre: lack of urban planning also leads to floods.
Way forward:
- Firstly the safety of citizens should be ensured.
- The durability of economic assets and infrastructure should be ensured otherwise state debt will be increased.
- Managing excess water properly and how to make good use of water like by focusing on traditional water conservation system (bawari, johar,kul,khadin, etc.)
- The state should bring Financial and technical links for flood handling structures.
- We can work with another country for predictions of rainfall like in managing flood in Bihar state we can make coordination with Nepal.
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