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- October 2019
Index
Toppers Talk
Art & Culture
Polity
- Right to access internet is fundamental right declares Kerala High Court
- Legal rights of Deities in India, Difference in Natural and Juristic Person
- Bru refugees refuse to return to Mizoram
- No animal sacrifice in Tripura temple-Orders High Court
- EC’s Order on Reducing Sikkim CM’s Disqualification Period
- Law Ministry issues corrigendum to Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act
- Appointment of the Judges in India.
- New Chief Justice of India- How is CJI appointed?
- Indian Penal Code 1860, HM Amit Shah wants to Overhaul IPC
- National Population Register (NPR) 2020
- Whistle Blowers Allegations on Infosys
Governance & Social Justice
- 60% girls in Delhi colleges anaemic
- Niti aayog’s School education quality index
- Multipurpose National Identity Card
- Population pyramid : India Vs China, Demographic dividend Phase of India
- UN Population Report, India will become the most populous country by 2027
- Supreme Court upholds SC and ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendments Act
- Comparing Population Pyramids of India and China
- Waqf boards-Their governance and purpose
- Harvard Admissions Case
- Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana- Ist Anniversary, Problems and solutions
- Significance of sexual and Reproductive Health-Status of reproductive services in India
- Pregnancy in Old Age, What is In Vitro Fertilisation-Risks and legal shortcomings
- Supreme Court Judgement on NGOs and RTI
- Social Stock Exchange
- Rajasthan Govt changes EWS norms, Sets Rs 8 lakh family income as only criteria
- Global hunger index 2019
- No Government job for those with more than two kids
- Ranitidine CANCER risk
- IIT Council Introduces Tenure track system
International Relations
- Bangladesh growing faster than India ?
- Cyprus dispute explained
- Donald Trump impeachment
- India wins Hyderabad Nizam case against Pakistan
- India’s reply to Pakistan at UNGA
- Prime Minister of Malaysia calls India and invader in Kashmir
- Should India recognise the armenian genocide ?
- Why are CARICOM countries important for India ?
- Why are countries leaving OPEC ?
- Attacks on Saudi Oil facilities
- Organization of Islamic Cooperation issues statement on Jammu and Kashmir
- Sri Lanka’s relations with India & China
- US troops start pullout in Syria as Turkey prepares for operation
- What are Vanilla Islands?
- India-USA trade deal
- UNHCR Nansen Refugee Award-2019
- Modi – Xi Informal meet at Mamallapuram – Historic Chinese links
- India China informal summit in Tamil nadu
- Pakistan save from FATF blacklist till 2020
- USA blacklists China organisations over Uighur Muslim abuse
- Why is Chile burning ?
- Why is the Philippines important for India
- Xi jinping Nepal visit 2019 and impact on India
- India Pakistan Cross LOC Trade suspended, Should India revoke suspension?
- Protests in Lebanon
- Chennai to Vladivostok Sea Route
- End of baghdadi
- Indian government’s security advisory
- Indians no longer require Visa to visit Brazil
- Non Aligned Movement 2019 summit
- US backed Ceasefire between Turkey and Kurds
- Pakistan stops postal exchange with India
- China’s GDP growth slows to 6% slowest in 27 years
- Common Goods for Health project by WHO
- Turkey attack Kurds in Syria
Geography
Economy
- Behavioural Aspect of Farmer Suicide
- Is rural India really open defecation free ?
- Global Growth Slow Down
- Nobel Prize in Economics 2019
- Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
- SBI wrote off bad loans worth 76,000 crores
- Surge in Onion Price
- Agriculture Credit by RBI’s Internal Working Group
- What is Debt to GDP Ratio?
- Yes Bank Crisis
- Nobel prize in Literature – Controversy
- Boosting Indian Exports
- Sopore Fruit Mandi deserted
- What is Pink Collarisation?
- Mizoram to have Broad Gauge railway line by 2021
- Demand downturn in Indian Economy
- Payment facilitation fund
- Participatory Guarantee Scheme
- RBI’s 4th Bi-monthly Monetary Policy 2019-20
- Tourism restrictions lifted in Kashmir
- Link between Jobs, Farming, and Climate
- Draft Social Security Code 2019
- State Tax Revenues, SGST and Central Tax Devolution are likely to fall short
- Competitiveness Index 2019 by World Economic Forum
- NITI Aayog’s Water Resources Strategy
- BSNL and MTNL financial issues-DoT prepares Rs 74000 crore revival plan
- 20th Livestock Census
- India falls 10 ranks in World economic forum’s Global competitiveness index
- RBI stops Printing Rs 2000 Notes
- What is the Unified Approach proposal of OECD?
- FCI granaries overflowing
- India’s Economic Growth 2019
- Financial Sector Scams in India
- Labour Market of India
- New Strategic Disinvestment Process
- Payment Delays to Sugarcane Farmers
- Why India’s IMF Quota is not increased
- What is monetary policy Transmission? Why banks are not reducing interest
- Mahatma Gandhi’s theory of Economics
- India moves up 14 spots to 63 on world Bank ease of doing business index
- New amendments to the Motor Vehicles Act
- Power Sector Scenario in India
- Telecos to Pay Rs 96,642 crore to the Government
- Camel population declines in Rajasthan
- Merger of BSNL and MTNL
- World bank on Indian economy
Defence & Security
- Nagas Kukis Conflict, What is the cause of the latest tensions?
- Case against 50 Celebrities controversy
- Can Indian Government intercept WhatsApp?
- UP Government fires 25000 home guards, Is Yogi Government’s decision justified?
- NCRB’s Crime in India 2017 report
- Aadhaar Social Media mandatory linking case
- What is TechSagar? National repository of India’s cyber tech capabilities.
Disaster Management
Science & Technology
- ISRO’S Project NETRA
- Facebook’s LIBRA Currency in trouble
- WHO launches first World report on Vision
- 2019 Nobel prize in physics
- 2019 Nobel prize in Physiology and Medicine
- Elon musk’s starlink project
- NASA’s ICON mission
- New King of the Moons in the Solar system is Saturn
- What Is Spectroscopy ?
- Quantum supremacy
Environment
- Climate Vulnerable Mapping Of India
- C40 Cities
- Gujarat Unveils emission trading scheme
- Forest Plus 2.0
- Himalayan States seeks Green Bonus
- India to Phase Out Single Use Plastic (SUP) by 2022
- Role of Volcanoes in Global Warming
- NH 766 ban controversy, Protests in Kerala against night traffic ban on the forest stretch
- Climate Change needs Global Solution
- Aarey Forest -2185 trees to be cut for Mumbai metro
- Government to build 1400 km long Green wall
- Graded Response Action Plan in Delhi
- Aerosol formation brightening clouds
- Anthrax outbreak in Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, Two affected buffaloes died
- Species in News from June to October 2019
- Climate Action Summit 2019
Prelims bits

Tag:GS-3|| Environment|| Climate Change|| Tackling Climate Change
What is the issue?
- As climate change is a global problem, a global solution is needed.
- The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)report suggests that humans may have only a decade left to limit global warming.
What does the IPCC report suggests?
- The IPCC states that total global emissions will have to drop by 45 percent from 2010 rates by 2030 to hit a net zero by 2050.
- If these targets are not met, the global south is likely to be most adversely affected by their low altitudes and pre-existing high temperatures.
- These regional southern regions are mostly tropical areas of the world, which are densely populated.
- Several impacts of this have already been felt during the Tamil Nadu water crisis this year (2019).
How to share the burden?
- Historically and even at present, the global South has contributed less to the issue but is at the receiving end and continues to be at the brunt of the lifestyle choices made by the global North.
- While time is running out, there is no real global consensus on how to mitigate this issue.
- In the absence of a collective agreement, the world is becoming an accident.
- The bottom line is that both cultures need to contribute to the removal of this danger in their own interests.
- Also, the expectation of change cannot be balanced if the fundamental relationship between the two cultures has traditionally been inconsistent and unequal.
What is the right balance in terms of sharing this responsibility, which can only be achieved?
- A fair and approach would require a mutual sharing of responsibility between countries on the basis of their respective share of global emissions.
- The carbon trading system has historically been the most recognized type of mitigation strategy. Nevertheless, it has drawbacks of its own.
- Our proposal for a Just Energy Transition (JET) is based on a sense of environmental justice in terms of climate impacts and the respective contributions of countries.
- It will also allow resource-poor developed countries to make an energy transition without having to worry too much about finances.
- Alternatively, the latest perceptions of developing countries tend to reverse.
How can this injustice be rectified?
- Infrastructure: The first goal is to fundamentally change the energy infrastructure, which requires massive investments for the green energy revolution around the world.
- Funding: Those at the top of the funnel, apart from funding their own energy transition, partly endorse the transformation of countries at the bottom
- Sharing of burden: The division of the burden of growth should be done in such a way as to undo the disparity of the funnel.
- 5% GDP: Countries need to spend about 1.5 percent of their GDP on a productive energy transition to greener renewable sources.
- Carbon tax
- The global energy transition could be funded through a global carbon tax system.
- Because total global carbon emissions amount to 1 billion metric tons of CO2, it amounts to a global carbon tax of $46.1 per metric ton.
Who subsidizes whom and by how much?
- Carbon Tax sharing
- Some countries (payers) that emit more than the global average per capita pay for their own transition and also fund part of the energy transition of those countries (beneficiaries) that are below that level.
- As a result, those on the receiving end of climate inequality are adequately compensated for as the entire world moves to greener soil as a result of this carbon tax sharing process.
- The overall amount of carbon compensation paid by the paying nation’s amounts to around $570 billion.
- The distribution across the compensated countries is also dependent on how much lower their emissions are relative to the global average.
- S. and China
- The S. and China are the top-paying nations in terms of absolute payments because their emissions are lower than the global average.
- Despite being a paying country, China’s effective tax rate is lower than the estimated universal tax rate of $46.1 per metric ton.
- This is because their own energy transition and the international payment they make include a tax rate of only $34.4 per metric ton.
- In that sense, the burden of change falls only partly on their back and only because it emits more than the global average.
Robin Hood tax?
- In terms of ‘compensated’ countries, India is at the top in terms of population size and distance from the global average of pollution.
- The other suspects are all nations from the global South, but this list gives rise to a few surprises, such as France, Sweden, and Switzerland.
- It shows us that even high-income countries with low per capita emissions actually profit from this global-just strategy.
- With China in the first list and some of the world’s first countries in the second, it is clear what this plan wants to achieve.
- It allows all nations to climb down the pollution ladder without actually having to give up their standard of living.
- It can be said to be the international carbon tax on Robin Hood.
Way forward
- Wealthy and developed nations like need to commit to more serious emission cuts. A consensus needs to be developed at the earliest.
- Both the global north and global south need to work towards the sustainable use of the resources to make earth a better place to live in.
Mains question
- Climate change is not anymore only an environmental problem, but a unique one with multi-scalar characteristic, from the global to the local. Comment; also discuss challenges in tackling the problem of climate change across the world.
References
- https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/a-case-for-a-differential-global-carbon-tax/article29394220.ece
- https://report.ipcc.ch/sr15/pdf/sr15_spm_final.pdf